Document (#15562)

Author

Chen, H.
Ng, T.D.
Martinez, J.
Schatz, B.R.

Title

¬A concept space approach to addressing the vocabulary problem in scientific information retrieval : an experiment on the Worm Community System

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 48(1997) no.1, S.17-31

Year

1997

Abstract

This research presents an algorithmic approach to addressing the vocabulary problem in scientific information retrieval and information sharing, using the molecular biology domain as an example. We first present a literature review of cognitive studies related to the vocabulary problem and vocabulary-based search aids (thesauri) and then discuss techniques for building robust and domain-specific thesauri to assist in cross-domain scientific information retrieval. Using a variation of the automatic thesaurus generation techniques, which we refer to as the concept space approach, we recently conducted an experiment in the molecular biology domain in which we created a C. elegans worm thesaurus of 7.657 worm-specific terms and a Drosophila fly thesaurus of 15.626 terms. About 30% of these terms overlapped, which created vocabulary paths from one subject domain to the other. Based on a cognitve study of term association involving 4 biologists, we found that a large percentage (59,6-85,6%) of the terms suggested by the subjects were identified in the cojoined fly-worm thesaurus. However, we found only a small percentage (8,4-18,1%) of the associations suggested by the subjects in the thesaurus

Similar documents (author)

1. Chen, H.; Martinez, J.; Kirchhoff, A.; Ng, T.D.; Schatz, B.R.: Alleviating search uncertainty through concept associations : automatic indexing, co-occurence analysis, and parallel computing (1998) 4.36

   4.35911 = sum of:
     4.35911 = sum of:
       0.6029731 = weight(author_txt:chen in 5202) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.6029731 = score(doc=5202,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.3136549 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
             0.050986625 = queryNorm
           1.9224093 = fieldWeight in 5202, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5202)
       1.5357171 = weight(author_txt:martinez in 5202) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.5357171 = score(doc=5202,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.58496195 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.3656448 = boost
             8.401051 = idf(docFreq=26, maxDocs=44218)
             0.050986625 = queryNorm
           2.6253283 = fieldWeight in 5202, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.401051 = idf(docFreq=26, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5202)
       2.2204194 = weight(author_txt:schatz in 5202) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.2204194 = score(doc=5202,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.7479573 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.5442313 = boost
             9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
             0.050986625 = queryNorm
           2.9686446 = fieldWeight in 5202, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5202)
   

2. Chen, H.; Houston, A.L.; Sewell, R.R.; Schatz, B.R.: Internet browsing and searching : user evaluations of category map and concept space techniques (1998) 1.88

   1.8822616 = sum of:
     1.8822616 = product of:
       2.8233924 = sum of:
         0.6029731 = weight(author_txt:chen in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6029731 = score(doc=869,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3136549 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
               0.050986625 = queryNorm
             1.9224093 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         2.2204194 = weight(author_txt:schatz in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.2204194 = score(doc=869,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7479573 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5442313 = boost
               9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
               0.050986625 = queryNorm
             2.9686446 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

3. Ramsey, M.C.; Chen, H.; Zhu, B.; Schatz, B.R.: ¬A collection of visual thesauri for browsing large collections of geographic images (1999) 1.88

   1.8822616 = sum of:
     1.8822616 = product of:
       2.8233924 = sum of:
         0.6029731 = weight(author_txt:chen in 3922) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6029731 = score(doc=3922,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3136549 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
               0.050986625 = queryNorm
             1.9224093 = fieldWeight in 3922, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=3922)
         2.2204194 = weight(author_txt:schatz in 3922) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.2204194 = score(doc=3922,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7479573 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5442313 = boost
               9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
               0.050986625 = queryNorm
             2.9686446 = fieldWeight in 3922, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=3922)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

4. Schatz, B.R.; Johnson, E.H.; Cochrane, P.A.; Chen, H.: Interactive term suggestion for users of digital libraries : using thesauri and co-occurrence lists for information retrieval (1996) 1.88

   1.8822616 = sum of:
     1.8822616 = product of:
       2.8233924 = sum of:
         0.6029731 = weight(author_txt:chen in 6417) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6029731 = score(doc=6417,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3136549 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
               0.050986625 = queryNorm
             1.9224093 = fieldWeight in 6417, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=6417)
         2.2204194 = weight(author_txt:schatz in 6417) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.2204194 = score(doc=6417,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7479573 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5442313 = boost
               9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
               0.050986625 = queryNorm
             2.9686446 = fieldWeight in 6417, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=6417)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

5. Frias-Martinez, E.; Chen, S.Y.; Liu, X.: Automatic cognitive style identification of digital library users for personalization (2007) 1.71

   1.7109522 = sum of:
     1.7109522 = product of:
       2.5664282 = sum of:
         0.72356766 = weight(author_txt:chen in 74) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.72356766 = score(doc=74,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3136549 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
               0.050986625 = queryNorm
             2.306891 = fieldWeight in 74, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
               0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=74)
         1.8428606 = weight(author_txt:martinez in 74) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.8428606 = score(doc=74,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.58496195 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3656448 = boost
               8.401051 = idf(docFreq=26, maxDocs=44218)
               0.050986625 = queryNorm
             3.150394 = fieldWeight in 74, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.401051 = idf(docFreq=26, maxDocs=44218)
               0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=74)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Chen, H.; Yim, T.; Fye, D.: Automatic thesaurus generation for an electronic community system (1995) 0.57

   0.5671844 = sum of:
     0.5671844 = product of:
       1.4179609 = sum of:
         0.008927758 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008927758 = score(doc=2918,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04897432 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9167147 = idf(docFreq=6503, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.18229467 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.9167147 = idf(docFreq=6503, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.021937447 = weight(abstract_txt:concept in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021937447 = score(doc=2918,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07790532 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.029802 = boost
               4.505458 = idf(docFreq=1327, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.28159112 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.505458 = idf(docFreq=1327, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.022295674 = weight(abstract_txt:techniques in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022295674 = score(doc=2918,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07875113 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0353771 = boost
               4.5298495 = idf(docFreq=1295, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.2831156 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5298495 = idf(docFreq=1295, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.038436975 = weight(abstract_txt:thesauri in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.038436975 = score(doc=2918,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11322506 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2414849 = boost
               5.431586 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.3394741 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.431586 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.018902974 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018902974 = score(doc=2918,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.0807533 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2840914 = boost
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.234083 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.061554108 = weight(abstract_txt:experiment in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.061554108 = score(doc=2918,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12300925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2940142 = boost
               5.6614056 = idf(docFreq=417, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.5004023 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.6614056 = idf(docFreq=417, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.1268135 = weight(abstract_txt:molecular in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1268135 = score(doc=2918,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25093046 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.848191 = boost
               8.085969 = idf(docFreq=36, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.50537306 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.085969 = idf(docFreq=36, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.0448647 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0448647 = score(doc=2918,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12551999 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8485943 = boost
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.3574307 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.18486719 = weight(abstract_txt:thesaurus in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18486719 = score(doc=2918,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.25605875 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9519567 = boost
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.72197175 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
         0.88936055 = weight(abstract_txt:worm in 2918) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.88936055 = score(doc=2918,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.6774049 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.2944674 = boost
               9.394302 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             1.3128936 = fieldWeight in 2918, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               9.394302 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2918)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

2. Chen, H.; Houston, A.L.; Sewell, R.R.; Schatz, B.R.: Internet browsing and searching : user evaluations of category map and concept space techniques (1998) 0.32

   0.32037455 = sum of:
     0.32037455 = product of:
       0.6161049 = sum of:
         0.006695818 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.006695818 = score(doc=869,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04897432 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9167147 = idf(docFreq=6503, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.136721 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.9167147 = idf(docFreq=6503, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.016145937 = weight(abstract_txt:found in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016145937 = score(doc=869,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07693272 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0233536 = boost
               4.4772453 = idf(docFreq=1365, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.20987087 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4772453 = idf(docFreq=1365, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.028497577 = weight(abstract_txt:concept in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028497577 = score(doc=869,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07790532 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.029802 = boost
               4.505458 = idf(docFreq=1327, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.36579758 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.505458 = idf(docFreq=1327, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.008842532 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008842532 = score(doc=869,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.04498726 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1067001 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.19655634 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.016015977 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016015977 = score(doc=869,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06952243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1914567 = boost
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.23037136 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.056417793 = weight(abstract_txt:space in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.056417793 = score(doc=869,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.11159883 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.232537 = boost
               5.3924384 = idf(docFreq=546, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.5055411 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.3924384 = idf(docFreq=546, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.049670648 = weight(abstract_txt:subjects in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049670648 = score(doc=869,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11283098 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2393225 = boost
               5.4221253 = idf(docFreq=530, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.44022173 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.4221253 = idf(docFreq=530, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.088663116 = weight(abstract_txt:suggested in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.088663116 = score(doc=869,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.11972942 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2766464 = boost
               5.5854197 = idf(docFreq=450, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.74052906 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               5.5854197 = idf(docFreq=450, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.032643996 = weight(abstract_txt:experiment in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.032643996 = score(doc=869,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12300925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2940142 = boost
               5.6614056 = idf(docFreq=417, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.2653784 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6614056 = idf(docFreq=417, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.05635718 = weight(abstract_txt:addressing in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05635718 = score(doc=869,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17702518 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.552343 = boost
               6.7916126 = idf(docFreq=134, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.31835684 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7916126 = idf(docFreq=134, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.06295062 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06295062 = score(doc=869,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.12551999 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8485943 = boost
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.50151867 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.12401268 = weight(abstract_txt:thesaurus in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12401268 = score(doc=869,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.25605875 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9519567 = boost
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.48431337 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
         0.06919105 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06919105 = score(doc=869,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.27547503 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0618315 = boost
               5.358293 = idf(docFreq=565, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.25116998 = fieldWeight in 869, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.358293 = idf(docFreq=565, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=869)
       0.52 = coord(13/25)
   

3. Wang, J.: Automatic thesaurus development : term extraction from title metadata (2006) 0.25

   0.2509453 = sum of:
     0.2509453 = product of:
       0.62736326 = sum of:
         0.012625756 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012625756 = score(doc=5063,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.04897432 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9167147 = idf(docFreq=6503, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.2578036 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.9167147 = idf(docFreq=6503, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.015100009 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015100009 = score(doc=5063,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06952243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1914567 = boost
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.21719621 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.038236484 = weight(abstract_txt:subjects in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.038236484 = score(doc=5063,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11283098 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2393225 = boost
               5.4221253 = idf(docFreq=530, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.33888283 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4221253 = idf(docFreq=530, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.0665748 = weight(abstract_txt:thesauri in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0665748 = score(doc=5063,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11322506 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2414849 = boost
               5.431586 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.5879864 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.431586 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.02673284 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02673284 = score(doc=5063,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.0807533 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2840914 = boost
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.33104333 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.043525327 = weight(abstract_txt:experiment in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.043525327 = score(doc=5063,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12300925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2940142 = boost
               5.6614056 = idf(docFreq=417, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.35383785 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6614056 = idf(docFreq=417, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.035979614 = weight(abstract_txt:scientific in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.035979614 = score(doc=5063,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.124025546 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5913707 = boost
               4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.2900984 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.063448265 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.063448265 = score(doc=5063,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.12551999 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8485943 = boost
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.5054833 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.16535024 = weight(abstract_txt:thesaurus in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16535024 = score(doc=5063,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.25605875 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9519567 = boost
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.6457512 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
         0.1597899 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 5063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1597899 = score(doc=5063,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.27547503 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0618315 = boost
               5.358293 = idf(docFreq=565, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.58005226 = fieldWeight in 5063, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.358293 = idf(docFreq=565, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5063)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

4. Zhang, J.; Mostafa, J.; Tripathy, H.: Information retrieval by semantic analysis and visualization of the concept space of D-Lib® magazine (2002) 0.24

   0.2370257 = sum of:
     0.2370257 = product of:
       0.45581865 = sum of:
         0.006312878 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.006312878 = score(doc=1211,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.04897432 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9167147 = idf(docFreq=6503, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.1289018 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.9167147 = idf(docFreq=6503, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.010763958 = weight(abstract_txt:found in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010763958 = score(doc=1211,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07693272 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0233536 = boost
               4.4772453 = idf(docFreq=1365, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.13991392 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4772453 = idf(docFreq=1365, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.024526812 = weight(abstract_txt:concept in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024526812 = score(doc=1211,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.07790532 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.029802 = boost
               4.505458 = idf(docFreq=1327, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.31482846 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.505458 = idf(docFreq=1327, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.01930862 = weight(abstract_txt:techniques in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01930862 = score(doc=1211,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07875113 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0353771 = boost
               4.5298495 = idf(docFreq=1295, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.2451853 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.5298495 = idf(docFreq=1295, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.014032957 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014032957 = score(doc=1211,freq=17.0), product of:
             0.04498726 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1067001 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.3119318 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               4.1231055 = tf(freq=17.0), with freq of:
                 17.0 = termFreq=17.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.01849366 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01849366 = score(doc=1211,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.06952243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1914567 = boost
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.26600996 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.04606494 = weight(abstract_txt:space in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04606494 = score(doc=1211,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.11159883 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.232537 = boost
               5.3924384 = idf(docFreq=546, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.4127726 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.3924384 = idf(docFreq=546, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.027179046 = weight(abstract_txt:thesauri in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027179046 = score(doc=1211,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.11322506 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2414849 = boost
               5.431586 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.24004444 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.431586 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.018902974 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018902974 = score(doc=1211,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.0807533 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2840914 = boost
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.234083 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.02765386 = weight(abstract_txt:problem in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02765386 = score(doc=1211,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11453993 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5293055 = boost
               4.460548 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.24143423 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.460548 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.059350416 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.059350416 = score(doc=1211,freq=14.0), product of:
             0.12551999 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8485943 = boost
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.47283638 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
                 14.0 = termFreq=14.0
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.13710117 = weight(abstract_txt:thesaurus in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13710117 = score(doc=1211,freq=11.0), product of:
             0.25605875 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9519567 = boost
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.5354286 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               3.3166249 = tf(freq=11.0), with freq of:
                 11.0 = termFreq=11.0
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
         0.04612737 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 1211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04612737 = score(doc=1211,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.27547503 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0618315 = boost
               5.358293 = idf(docFreq=565, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.16744666 = fieldWeight in 1211, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.358293 = idf(docFreq=565, maxDocs=44218)
               0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1211)
       0.52 = coord(13/25)
   

5. Losee, R.: Thesaurus structure, descriptive parameters, and scale (2016) 0.23

   0.23139225 = sum of:
     0.23139225 = product of:
       0.6427562 = sum of:
         0.009626529 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.009626529 = score(doc=3087,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.04498726 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1067001 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.21398345 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
         0.015100009 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015100009 = score(doc=3087,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06952243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1914567 = boost
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.21719621 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
         0.09415098 = weight(abstract_txt:thesauri in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09415098 = score(doc=3087,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.11322506 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2414849 = boost
               5.431586 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.8315384 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.431586 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
         0.041796193 = weight(abstract_txt:suggested in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.041796193 = score(doc=3087,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11972942 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2766464 = boost
               5.5854197 = idf(docFreq=450, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.34908873 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5854197 = idf(docFreq=450, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
         0.075142905 = weight(abstract_txt:addressing in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.075142905 = score(doc=3087,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17702518 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.552343 = boost
               6.7916126 = idf(docFreq=134, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.4244758 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7916126 = idf(docFreq=134, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
         0.035979614 = weight(abstract_txt:scientific in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.035979614 = score(doc=3087,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.124025546 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5913707 = boost
               4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.2900984 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
         0.0448647 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0448647 = score(doc=3087,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12551999 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8485943 = boost
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.3574307 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
         0.23384055 = weight(abstract_txt:thesaurus in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.23384055 = score(doc=3087,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.25605875 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9519567 = boost
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.91323006 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               5.1660094 = idf(docFreq=685, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
         0.09225474 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 3087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09225474 = score(doc=3087,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.27547503 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0618315 = boost
               5.358293 = idf(docFreq=565, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016790919 = queryNorm
             0.33489332 = fieldWeight in 3087, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.358293 = idf(docFreq=565, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3087)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)