Document (#30182)

Author

Söllner, K.

Title

Google Scholar und Windows Live Academic Search - aktuelle Entwicklungen bei wissenschaftlichen Suchmaschinen

Source

Bibliotheksdienst. 40(2006) H.7, S.828-837

Year

2006

Abstract

Dass das World Wide Web als geeignete Quelle wissenschaftlicher Information angesehen werden kann, ist für viele Fächer inzwischen unumstritten. Weniger im Bewusstsein der Nutzer verankert ist die Erkenntnis, dass das Web nur in den Ausschnitten und in der Anordnung zur Kenntnis genommen werden kann, wie sie die Suchmaschinen präsentieren. Dieser Aspekt ist vor allem durch die allgegenwärtigen Rankingverfahren der führenden Suchmaschinenanbieter in den Hintergrund getreten. Dagegen ist die Suche in Internetkatalogen, die offensichtlicher nur Ausschnitte und eine unmittelbar nachvollziehbare Anordnung präsentieren, seit dem Siegeszug von Googles PageRank unpopulär geworden. Rankingverfahren, Abdeckung und Aktualität eines Suchmaschinenindex sind nicht nur Geschäftsgeheimnis der Betreiher, sondern angesichts ihres scheinbar reibungslosen Funktionierens für den normalen Nutzer uninteressant. Dass auch Kenntnisse einer strukturierten Suche oder Suchsyntax für das textbasierte Web meistenteils unnötig oder inadäquat sind, lässt die Websuche besonders einfach erscheinen - im Unterschied zu den Suchmasken und Syntaxkonventionen der Bibliotheks-0PACs und vieler Datenbankanbieter. Diese Einfachheit wird durch installierte Suchwerkzeuge a la Google Toolbar bzw. fest integrierte Suchschlitze wie im Mozilla-Browser Firefox bzw. im Internet Explorer 7.0 zum Standard für die großen Suchmaschinen, und durch entsprechende Such-Plugins auch für andere Suchen. Ein besonderer Wettbewerbsvorteil der Suchmaschinen gegenüber den Datenbankanbietern, der sich auch nicht durch Anpassungen beim Design kompensieren lässt, ist die Kostenfreiheit der Suche. Darüber hinaus erfüllen sie eine wesentliche Anforderung an sehr viele wissenschaftliche Themenstellungen: sie sind strikt interdisziplinär. Damit machen Sie aus der Not eine Tugend, denn eine fachliche Auswahl oder intellektuelle Auswertung findet in der Regel nicht statt. Die Defizite der großen Suchmaschinen liegen aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht betrachtet aber auch genau in diesem Bereich: unspezifische oder thematische Suchen führen zu Massen populärer Websites, nicht aber zum wissenschaftlichen Content, insbesondere etwa in der Medizin. Das Dilemma des häufig schlechten Rankings wissenschaftlicher Inhalte ist einer der Ausgangspunkte für den Ruf nach wissenschaftlichen Suchmaschinen.

Theme

Suchmaschinen

Object

Google Scholar

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4. Lewandowski, D.: "Find what I mean not what I say" : Neuere Ansätze zur Qualifizierung von Suchmaschinen-Ergebnissen (2001) 0.35

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5. Sadrozinski, J.: Suchmaschinen und öffentlich-rechtlicher Onlinejournalismus am Beispiel tagesschau.de (2007) 0.34

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