Document (#37232)

Author

Zhang, L.
Liu, Q.L.
Zhang, J.
Wang, H.F.
Pan, Y.
Yu, Y.

Title

Semplore: an IR approach to scalable hybrid query of Semantic Web data

Source

Proceeding ISWC'07/ASWC'07 : Proceedings of the 6th international The semantic web and 2nd Asian conference on Asian semantic web conference. Ed.: K. Aberer et al

Imprint

Berlin : Springer

Year

2007

Pages

S.652-665

Series

Lecture notes in computer science; 4825

Abstract

As an extension to the current Web, Semantic Web will not only contain structured data with machine understandable semantics but also textual information. While structured queries can be used to find information more precisely on the Semantic Web, keyword searches are still needed to help exploit textual information. It thus becomes very important that we can combine precise structured queries with imprecise keyword searches to have a hybrid query capability. In addition, due to the huge volume of information on the Semantic Web, the hybrid query must be processed in a very scalable way. In this paper, we define such a hybrid query capability that combines unary tree-shaped structured queries with keyword searches. We show how existing information retrieval (IR) index structures and functions can be reused to index semantic web data and its textual information, and how the hybrid query is evaluated on the index structure using IR engines in an efficient and scalable manner. We implemented this IR approach in an engine called Semplore. Comprehensive experiments on its performance show that it is a promising approach. It leads us to believe that it may be possible to evolve current web search engines to query and search the Semantic Web. Finally, we briefy describe how Semplore is used for searching Wikipedia and an IBM customer's product information.

Content

Vgl.: http://mathcs.emory.edu/~qliu26/docs/iswc07.pdf.

Theme

Semantic Web
Wissensrepräsentation

Object

Semplore

Similar documents (author)

1. Wolfram, D.; Wang, P.; Zhang, J.: Identifying Web search session patterns using cluster analysis : a comparison of three search environments (2009) 3.27

   3.2737184 = sum of:
     3.2737184 = sum of:
       1.1378386 = weight(author_txt:wang in 2796) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1378386 = score(doc=2796,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.46245927 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 2796, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2796)
       2.1358798 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 2796) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1358798 = score(doc=2796,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.88664055 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.9581774 = boost
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.408958 = fieldWeight in 2796, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2796)
   

2. Zhang, J.; Wolfram, D.; Wang, P.: Analysis of query keywords of sports-related queries using visualization and clustering (2009) 3.27

   3.2737184 = sum of:
     3.2737184 = sum of:
       1.1378386 = weight(author_txt:wang in 2947) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1378386 = score(doc=2947,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.46245927 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 2947, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2947)
       2.1358798 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 2947) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1358798 = score(doc=2947,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.88664055 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.9581774 = boost
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.408958 = fieldWeight in 2947, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2947)
   

3. Zhang, L.; Wang, S.; Liu, B.: Deep learning for sentiment analysis : a survey (2018) 3.27

   3.2737184 = sum of:
     3.2737184 = sum of:
       1.1378386 = weight(author_txt:wang in 4092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1378386 = score(doc=4092,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.46245927 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 4092, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4092)
       2.1358798 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 4092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1358798 = score(doc=4092,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.88664055 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.9581774 = boost
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.408958 = fieldWeight in 4092, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4092)
   

4. Zhang, P.; Wang, OP.; Wu, Q.: How are the best JASIST papers cited? (2018) 3.27

   3.2737184 = sum of:
     3.2737184 = sum of:
       1.1378386 = weight(author_txt:wang in 4259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1378386 = score(doc=4259,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.46245927 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 4259, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4259)
       2.1358798 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 4259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1358798 = score(doc=4259,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.88664055 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.9581774 = boost
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.408958 = fieldWeight in 4259, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4259)
   

5. Wang, J.; Halffman, W.; Zhang, Y.H.: Sorting out journals : the proliferation of journal lists in China (2023) 3.27

   3.2737184 = sum of:
     3.2737184 = sum of:
       1.1378386 = weight(author_txt:wang in 1055) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1378386 = score(doc=1055,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.46245927 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 1055, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=1055)
       2.1358798 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 1055) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1358798 = score(doc=1055,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.88664055 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.9581774 = boost
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.070485145 = queryNorm
           2.408958 = fieldWeight in 1055, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=1055)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Wang, H.; Liu, Q.; Penin, T.; Fu, L.; Zhang, L.; Tran, T.; Yu, Y.; Pan, Y.: Semplore: a scalable IR approach to search the Web of Data (2009) 0.69

   0.68694806 = sum of:
     0.68694806 = product of:
       1.2266929 = sum of:
         0.007889891 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.007889891 = score(doc=1638,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04040055 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0180619 = boost
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.19529167 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.13935809 = weight(abstract_txt:imprecise in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13935809 = score(doc=1638,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15079178 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1355565 = boost
               8.364683 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.9241756 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               8.364683 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.028800912 = weight(abstract_txt:show in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028800912 = score(doc=1638,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08367204 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1962587 = boost
               4.4059124 = idf(docFreq=1466, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.3442119 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4059124 = idf(docFreq=1466, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.012670685 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012670685 = score(doc=1638,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.048399728 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2866824 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.26179248 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.045949362 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.045949362 = score(doc=1638,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.07196851 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3587884 = boost
               3.3363478 = idf(docFreq=4274, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.6384648 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.3363478 = idf(docFreq=4274, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.050179444 = weight(abstract_txt:engines in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.050179444 = score(doc=1638,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.121150926 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4394556 = boost
               5.3016257 = idf(docFreq=598, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.41418952 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3016257 = idf(docFreq=598, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.07650638 = weight(abstract_txt:index in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07650638 = score(doc=1638,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1458126 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9340962 = boost
               4.74895 = idf(docFreq=1040, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.5246898 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.74895 = idf(docFreq=1040, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.06726387 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06726387 = score(doc=1638,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1686014 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0797498 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.39895204 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.016723307 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016723307 = score(doc=1638,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08841928 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.300607 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.18913643 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.111158036 = weight(abstract_txt:keyword in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.111158036 = score(doc=1638,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23566794 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.458843 = boost
               6.037405 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.47167227 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.037405 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.18791364 = weight(abstract_txt:structured in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18791364 = score(doc=1638,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.25522193 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9546695 = boost
               5.4411373 = idf(docFreq=520, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.73627543 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.4411373 = idf(docFreq=520, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.23831044 = weight(abstract_txt:scalable in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.23831044 = score(doc=1638,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.39183387 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1705275 = boost
               7.7848644 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.60819256 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.7848644 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.09049018 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09049018 = score(doc=1638,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2588715 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.6444974 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.34955636 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
         0.15347862 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 1638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15347862 = score(doc=1638,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2922168 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.872114 = boost
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.52522177 = fieldWeight in 1638, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1638)
       0.56 = coord(14/25)
   

2. Zenz, G.; Zhou, X.; Minack, E.; Siberski, W.; Nejdl, W.: Interactive query construction for keyword search on the Semantic Web (2012) 0.36

   0.36199656 = sum of:
     0.36199656 = product of:
       0.9049914 = sum of:
         0.012623826 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012623826 = score(doc=430,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.04040055 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0180619 = boost
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.31246668 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.058055967 = weight(abstract_txt:precisely in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.058055967 = score(doc=430,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12297139 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0254676 = boost
               7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.47210953 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.06616478 = weight(abstract_txt:understandable in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06616478 = score(doc=430,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13417062 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0711459 = boost
               7.890225 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.49313906 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.890225 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.025992883 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025992883 = score(doc=430,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07196851 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3587884 = boost
               3.3363478 = idf(docFreq=4274, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.36117023 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.3363478 = idf(docFreq=4274, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.10762219 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10762219 = score(doc=430,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.1686014 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0797498 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.63832325 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.018920263 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018920263 = score(doc=430,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08841928 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.300607 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.21398345 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.17785285 = weight(abstract_txt:keyword in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17785285 = score(doc=430,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.23566794 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.458843 = boost
               6.037405 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.7546756 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.037405 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.0867936 = weight(abstract_txt:structured in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0867936 = score(doc=430,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25522193 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9546695 = boost
               5.4411373 = idf(docFreq=520, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.34007108 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4411373 = idf(docFreq=520, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.17732382 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17732382 = score(doc=430,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.2588715 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.6444974 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.6849878 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
         0.17364123 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17364123 = score(doc=430,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.2922168 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.872114 = boost
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.5942206 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

3. Starostenko, O.; Rodríguez-Asomoza, J.; Sénchez-López, S.E.; Chévez-Aragón, J.A.: Shape indexing and retrieval : a hybrid approach using ontological description (2008) 0.34

   0.340092 = sum of:
     0.340092 = product of:
       0.85023 = sum of:
         0.011157991 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.011157991 = score(doc=4318,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.04040055 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0180619 = boost
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.27618414 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.08270597 = weight(abstract_txt:understandable in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08270597 = score(doc=4318,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13417062 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0711459 = boost
               7.890225 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.61642385 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.890225 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.008959528 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008959528 = score(doc=4318,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.048399728 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2866824 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.18511525 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.045964237 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.045964237 = score(doc=4318,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.09069421 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5253528 = boost
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.5068045 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.06726387 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06726387 = score(doc=4318,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1686014 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0797498 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.39895204 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.023650328 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023650328 = score(doc=4318,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08841928 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.300607 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.2674793 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.1519975 = weight(abstract_txt:textual in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1519975 = score(doc=4318,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.23043808 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.431407 = boost
               5.9700394 = idf(docFreq=306, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.65960234 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.9700394 = idf(docFreq=306, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.09049018 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09049018 = score(doc=4318,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2588715 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.6444974 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.34955636 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.108525775 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.108525775 = score(doc=4318,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2922168 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.872114 = boost
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.37138787 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
         0.25951466 = weight(abstract_txt:hybrid in 4318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25951466 = score(doc=4318,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.49173462 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.5853267 = boost
               6.7552447 = idf(docFreq=139, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.5277535 = fieldWeight in 4318, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7552447 = idf(docFreq=139, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4318)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

4. Layfield, C.; Azzopardi, J,; Staff, C.: Experiments with document retrieval from small text collections using Latent Semantic Analysis or term similarity with query coordination and automatic relevance feedback (2017) 0.23

   0.23496911 = sum of:
     0.23496911 = product of:
       0.65269196 = sum of:
         0.011045848 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.011045848 = score(doc=3478,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.04040055 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0180619 = boost
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.27340835 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
         0.008869479 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008869479 = score(doc=3478,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.048399728 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2866824 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.18325473 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
         0.041537706 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.041537706 = score(doc=3478,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.09069421 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5253528 = boost
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.45799732 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
         0.037868727 = weight(abstract_txt:index in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.037868727 = score(doc=3478,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1458126 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9340962 = boost
               4.74895 = idf(docFreq=1040, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.2597082 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.74895 = idf(docFreq=1040, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
         0.094169416 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.094169416 = score(doc=3478,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.1686014 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0797498 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.55853283 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
         0.07523493 = weight(abstract_txt:textual in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07523493 = score(doc=3478,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23043808 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.431407 = boost
               5.9700394 = idf(docFreq=306, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.32648653 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.9700394 = idf(docFreq=306, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
         0.1668173 = weight(abstract_txt:scalable in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1668173 = score(doc=3478,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.39183387 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1705275 = boost
               7.7848644 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.42573476 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.7848644 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
         0.1097135 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1097135 = score(doc=3478,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.2588715 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.6444974 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.42381454 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
         0.10743503 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 3478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10743503 = score(doc=3478,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2922168 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.872114 = boost
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.36765522 = fieldWeight in 3478, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3478)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

5. Cortez, E.M.; Park, S.C.; Kim, S.: ¬The hybrid application of an inductive learning method and a neural network (1995) 0.23

   0.2287939 = sum of:
     0.2287939 = product of:
       0.71498096 = sum of:
         0.011157991 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 3038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.011157991 = score(doc=3038,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.04040055 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0180619 = boost
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.27618414 = fieldWeight in 3038, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4997334 = idf(docFreq=9868, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3038)
         0.015518356 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 3038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015518356 = score(doc=3038,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.048399728 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2866824 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.320629 = fieldWeight in 3038, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3038)
         0.054098185 = weight(abstract_txt:index in 3038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.054098185 = score(doc=3038,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1458126 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9340962 = boost
               4.74895 = idf(docFreq=1040, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.37101173 = fieldWeight in 3038, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.74895 = idf(docFreq=1040, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3038)
         0.06726387 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 3038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06726387 = score(doc=3038,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1686014 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0797498 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.39895204 = fieldWeight in 3038, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3038)
         0.028965618 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 3038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028965618 = score(doc=3038,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.08841928 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.300607 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.32759392 = fieldWeight in 3038, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3038)
         0.09049018 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 3038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09049018 = score(doc=3038,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2588715 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.6444974 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.34955636 = fieldWeight in 3038, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3038)
         0.18797214 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 3038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18797214 = score(doc=3038,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.2922168 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.872114 = boost
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.6432626 = fieldWeight in 3038, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3038)
         0.25951466 = weight(abstract_txt:hybrid in 3038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25951466 = score(doc=3038,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.49173462 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.5853267 = boost
               6.7552447 = idf(docFreq=139, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015875207 = queryNorm
             0.5277535 = fieldWeight in 3038, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7552447 = idf(docFreq=139, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3038)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)