Document (#38047)

Author

Huang, H.
Jörgensen, C.

Title

Characterizing user tagging and Co-occurring metadata in general and specialized metadata collections

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.9, S.1878-1889

Year

2013

Abstract

This study aims to identify the categorical characteristics and usage patterns of the most popular image tags in Flickr. The "metadata usage ratio" is introduced as a means of assessing the usage of a popular tag as metadata. We also compare how popular tags are used as image tags or metadata in the Flickr general collection and the Library of Congress's photostream (LCP), also in Flickr. The Flickr popular tags in the list overall are categorically stable, and the changes that do appear reflect Flickr users' evolving technology-driven cultural experience. The popular tags in Flickr had a high number of generic objects and specific locations-related tags and were rarely at the abstract level. Conversely, the popular tags in the LCP describe more in the specific objects and time categories. Flickr users copied the Library of Congress-supplied metadata that related to specific objects or events and standard bibliographic information (e.g., author, format, time references) as popular tags in the LCP. Those popular tags related to generic objects and events showed a high metadata usage ratio, while those related to specific locations and objects showed a low image metadata usage ratio. Popular tags in Flickr appeared less frequently as image metadata when describing specific objects than specific times and locations for historical images in Flickr LCP collections. Understanding how people contribute image tags or image metadata in Flickr helps determine what users need to describe and query images, and could help improve image browsing and retrieval.

Theme

Social tagging

Form

Bilder

Object

Flickr

Similar documents (author)

1. Huang, H.; Stvilia, B.; Jörgensen, C.; Bass, H.W.: Prioritization of data quality dimensions and skills requirements in genome annotation work (2012) 3.54

   3.5376918 = sum of:
     3.5376918 = sum of:
       1.249151 = weight(author_txt:huang in 4971) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.249151 = score(doc=4971,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.55540365 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.1970778 = idf(docFreq=89, maxDocs=44218)
             0.077170715 = queryNorm
           2.2490869 = fieldWeight in 4971, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.1970778 = idf(docFreq=89, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=4971)
       2.2885408 = weight(author_txt:jörgensen in 4971) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.2885408 = score(doc=4971,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.83158094 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2236238 = boost
             8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
             0.077170715 = queryNorm
           2.752036 = fieldWeight in 4971, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=4971)
   

2. Jörgensen, C.; Jörgensen, P.: Citations in hypermedia : maintaining critical links (1991) 2.59

   2.589188 = sum of:
     2.589188 = product of:
       5.178376 = sum of:
         5.178376 = weight(author_txt:jörgensen in 4877) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           5.178376 = score(doc=4877,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.83158094 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2236238 = boost
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.077170715 = queryNorm
             6.2271466 = fieldWeight in 4877, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=4877)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

3. Jörgensen, C.; Jörgensen, P.: Image querying by image professionals (2005) 2.59

   2.589188 = sum of:
     2.589188 = product of:
       5.178376 = sum of:
         5.178376 = weight(author_txt:jörgensen in 4342) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           5.178376 = score(doc=4342,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.83158094 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2236238 = boost
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.077170715 = queryNorm
             6.2271466 = fieldWeight in 4342, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=4342)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

4. Jörgensen, C.: ¬The applicability of selected classification systems to image attributes (1996) 2.29

   2.2885408 = sum of:
     2.2885408 = product of:
       4.5770817 = sum of:
         4.5770817 = weight(author_txt:jörgensen in 5175) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           4.5770817 = score(doc=5175,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.83158094 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2236238 = boost
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.077170715 = queryNorm
             5.504072 = fieldWeight in 5175, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5175)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

5. Jörgensen, C.: Image access : introduction and overview (2001) 2.29

   2.2885408 = sum of:
     2.2885408 = product of:
       4.5770817 = sum of:
         4.5770817 = weight(author_txt:jörgensen in 6527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           4.5770817 = score(doc=6527,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.83158094 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2236238 = boost
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.077170715 = queryNorm
             5.504072 = fieldWeight in 6527, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=6527)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Ransom, N.; Rafferty, P.: Facets of user-assigned tags and their effectiveness in image retrieval (2011) 0.54

   0.5380804 = sum of:
     0.5380804 = product of:
       1.2229099 = sum of:
         0.008915466 = weight(abstract_txt:those in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008915466 = score(doc=296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03780501 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0266042 = boost
               4.312277 = idf(docFreq=1610, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.23582764 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.312277 = idf(docFreq=1610, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.011497515 = weight(abstract_txt:collections in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.011497515 = score(doc=296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04479085 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1174369 = boost
               4.693822 = idf(docFreq=1099, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.2566934 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.693822 = idf(docFreq=1099, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.020920927 = weight(abstract_txt:describe in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020920927 = score(doc=296,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.052986342 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2153751 = boost
               5.1052136 = idf(docFreq=728, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.39483622 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.1052136 = idf(docFreq=728, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.0107288705 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0107288705 = score(doc=296,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.03886062 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2747612 = boost
               3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.27608594 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.035556868 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.035556868 = score(doc=296,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.05989386 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2921696 = boost
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.59366465 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.04128651 = weight(abstract_txt:generic in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04128651 = score(doc=296,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08336468 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5244719 = boost
               6.4035826 = idf(docFreq=198, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.4952518 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.4035826 = idf(docFreq=198, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.037874185 = weight(abstract_txt:specific in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.037874185 = score(doc=296,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.11351309 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0811439 = boost
               4.314141 = idf(docFreq=1607, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.3336548 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.314141 = idf(docFreq=1607, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.054247566 = weight(abstract_txt:objects in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.054247566 = score(doc=296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18172467 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8984854 = boost
               5.4585624 = idf(docFreq=511, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.29851514 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4585624 = idf(docFreq=511, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.20924439 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20924439 = score(doc=296,freq=12.0), product of:
             0.20551875 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.4780416 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             1.0181279 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                 12.0 = termFreq=12.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.5123492 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.5123492 = score(doc=296,freq=11.0), product of:
             0.44684198 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.277262 = boost
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             1.1466004 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               3.3166249 = tf(freq=11.0), with freq of:
                 11.0 = termFreq=11.0
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
         0.2802885 = weight(abstract_txt:flickr in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2802885 = score(doc=296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6439421 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.474074 = boost
               7.9592175 = idf(docFreq=41, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.4352697 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.9592175 = idf(docFreq=41, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
       0.44 = coord(11/25)
   

2. Angus, E.; Thelwall, M.; Stuart, D.: General patterns of tag usage among university groups in Flickr (2008) 0.37

   0.3695371 = sum of:
     0.3695371 = product of:
       1.3197753 = sum of:
         0.012937678 = weight(abstract_txt:general in 2554) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012937678 = score(doc=2554,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.038202304 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0319844 = boost
               4.3348765 = idf(docFreq=1574, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.33866224 = fieldWeight in 2554, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.3348765 = idf(docFreq=1574, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2554)
         0.010837796 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 2554) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010837796 = score(doc=2554,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03886062 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2747612 = boost
               3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.2788889 = fieldWeight in 2554, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2554)
         0.071329445 = weight(abstract_txt:usage in 2554) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.071329445 = score(doc=2554,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16181219 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.35818 = boost
               5.642448 = idf(docFreq=425, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.44081625 = fieldWeight in 2554, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.642448 = idf(docFreq=425, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2554)
         0.17258187 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 2554) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17258187 = score(doc=2554,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.20551875 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.4780416 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.8397378 = fieldWeight in 2554, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2554)
         0.13786997 = weight(abstract_txt:popular in 2554) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13786997 = score(doc=2554,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.30542362 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.189933 = boost
               5.777993 = idf(docFreq=371, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.4514057 = fieldWeight in 2554, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.777993 = idf(docFreq=371, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2554)
         0.22068441 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 2554) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22068441 = score(doc=2554,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.44684198 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.277262 = boost
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.4938757 = fieldWeight in 2554, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2554)
         0.69353414 = weight(abstract_txt:flickr in 2554) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.69353414 = score(doc=2554,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.6439421 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.474074 = boost
               7.9592175 = idf(docFreq=41, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             1.0770131 = fieldWeight in 2554, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               7.9592175 = idf(docFreq=41, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2554)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Yoon, J.W.: Towards a user-oriented thesaurus for non-domain-specific image collections (2009) 0.32

   0.32492045 = sum of:
     0.32492045 = product of:
       0.9025568 = sum of:
         0.009056374 = weight(abstract_txt:general in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.009056374 = score(doc=4221,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.038202304 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0319844 = boost
               4.3348765 = idf(docFreq=1574, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.23706356 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.3348765 = idf(docFreq=1574, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
         0.007586457 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.007586457 = score(doc=4221,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03886062 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2747612 = boost
               3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.19522223 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
         0.029193971 = weight(abstract_txt:generic in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.029193971 = score(doc=4221,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08336468 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5244719 = boost
               6.4035826 = idf(docFreq=198, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.3501959 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.4035826 = idf(docFreq=198, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
         0.023375953 = weight(abstract_txt:related in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023375953 = score(doc=4221,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.0718841 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0019803 = boost
               4.2046843 = idf(docFreq=1793, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.32518947 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.2046843 = idf(docFreq=1793, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
         0.026781095 = weight(abstract_txt:specific in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026781095 = score(doc=4221,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11351309 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0811439 = boost
               4.314141 = idf(docFreq=1607, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.23592958 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.314141 = idf(docFreq=1607, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
         0.12080731 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12080731 = score(doc=4221,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.20551875 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.4780416 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.5878165 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
         0.09650898 = weight(abstract_txt:popular in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09650898 = score(doc=4221,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.30542362 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.189933 = boost
               5.777993 = idf(docFreq=371, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.315984 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.777993 = idf(docFreq=371, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
         0.30895814 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.30895814 = score(doc=4221,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.44684198 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.277262 = boost
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.691426 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
         0.2802885 = weight(abstract_txt:flickr in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2802885 = score(doc=4221,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6439421 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.474074 = boost
               7.9592175 = idf(docFreq=41, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.4352697 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.9592175 = idf(docFreq=41, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

4. Klavans, J.L.; LaPlante, R.; Golbeck, J.: Subject matter categorization of tags applied to digital images from art museums (2014) 0.28

   0.28383815 = sum of:
     0.28383815 = product of:
       1.0137076 = sum of:
         0.019710025 = weight(abstract_txt:collections in 1175) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019710025 = score(doc=1175,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04479085 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1174369 = boost
               4.693822 = idf(docFreq=1099, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.4400458 = fieldWeight in 1175, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.693822 = idf(docFreq=1099, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1175)
         0.025359994 = weight(abstract_txt:describe in 1175) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025359994 = score(doc=1175,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.052986342 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2153751 = boost
               5.1052136 = idf(docFreq=728, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.4786138 = fieldWeight in 1175, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1052136 = idf(docFreq=728, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1175)
         0.030477315 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 1175) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030477315 = score(doc=1175,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.05989386 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2921696 = boost
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.5088554 = fieldWeight in 1175, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1175)
         0.050046805 = weight(abstract_txt:generic in 1175) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.050046805 = score(doc=1175,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08336468 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5244719 = boost
               6.4035826 = idf(docFreq=198, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.60033584 = fieldWeight in 1175, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.4035826 = idf(docFreq=198, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1175)
         0.09299582 = weight(abstract_txt:objects in 1175) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09299582 = score(doc=1175,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18172467 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8984854 = boost
               5.4585624 = idf(docFreq=511, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.5117402 = fieldWeight in 1175, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4585624 = idf(docFreq=511, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1175)
         0.14644057 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 1175) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14644057 = score(doc=1175,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.20551875 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.4780416 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.71254116 = fieldWeight in 1175, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1175)
         0.64867705 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 1175) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.64867705 = score(doc=1175,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.44684198 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.277262 = boost
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             1.4516922 = fieldWeight in 1175, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1175)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

5. Rorissa, A.: ¬A comparative study of Flickr tags and index terms in a general image collection (2010) 0.28

   0.28240153 = sum of:
     0.28240153 = product of:
       1.0085769 = sum of:
         0.010189104 = weight(abstract_txt:those in 4100) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010189104 = score(doc=4100,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03780501 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0266042 = boost
               4.312277 = idf(docFreq=1610, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.2695173 = fieldWeight in 4100, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.312277 = idf(docFreq=1610, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4100)
         0.010350142 = weight(abstract_txt:general in 4100) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010350142 = score(doc=4100,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.038202304 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0319844 = boost
               4.3348765 = idf(docFreq=1574, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.27092978 = fieldWeight in 4100, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.3348765 = idf(docFreq=1574, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4100)
         0.008670236 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 4100) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008670236 = score(doc=4100,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03886062 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2747612 = boost
               3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.22311112 = fieldWeight in 4100, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4100)
         0.035192173 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 4100) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.035192173 = score(doc=4100,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.05989386 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2921696 = boost
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.5875756 = fieldWeight in 4100, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4100)
         0.13806549 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 4100) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13806549 = score(doc=4100,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.20551875 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.4780416 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.67179024 = fieldWeight in 4100, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4100)
         0.35309505 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 4100) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.35309505 = score(doc=4100,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.44684198 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.277262 = boost
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.7902011 = fieldWeight in 4100, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.321609 = idf(docFreq=215, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4100)
         0.4530146 = weight(abstract_txt:flickr in 4100) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.4530146 = score(doc=4100,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.6439421 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.474074 = boost
               7.9592175 = idf(docFreq=41, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008539642 = queryNorm
             0.70350206 = fieldWeight in 4100, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.9592175 = idf(docFreq=41, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4100)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)