Document (#39566)

Author

Baeza-Yates, R.
Boldi, P.
Castillo, C.

Title

Generalizing PageRank : damping functions for linkbased ranking algorithms

Source

http://chato.cl/papers/baeza06_general_pagerank_damping_functions_link_ranking.pdf [Proceedings of the ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval (SIGIR) Conference, SIGIR'06, August 6-10, 2006, Seattle, Washington, USA]

Year

2006

Abstract

This paper introduces a family of link-based ranking algorithms that propagate page importance through links. In these algorithms there is a damping function that decreases with distance, so a direct link implies more endorsement than a link through a long path. PageRank is the most widely known ranking function of this family. The main objective of this paper is to determine whether this family of ranking techniques has some interest per se, and how different choices for the damping function impact on rank quality and on convergence speed. Even though our results suggest that PageRank can be approximated with other simpler forms of rankings that may be computed more efficiently, our focus is of more speculative nature, in that it aims at separating the kernel of PageRank, that is, link-based importance propagation, from the way propagation decays over paths. We focus on three damping functions, having linear, exponential, and hyperbolic decay on the lengths of the paths. The exponential decay corresponds to PageRank, and the other functions are new. Our presentation includes algorithms, analysis, comparisons and experiments that study their behavior under different parameters in real Web graph data. Among other results, we show how to calculate a linear approximation that induces a page ordering that is almost identical to PageRank's using a fixed small number of iterations; comparisons were performed using Kendall's tau on large domain datasets.

Theme

Suchmaschinen

Object

PageRank

Similar documents (author)

1. Castillo, C.; Baeza-Yates, R.: Web retrieval and mining (2009) 6.75

   6.7512445 = sum of:
     6.7512445 = sum of:
       2.1724412 = weight(author_txt:yates in 3904) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1724412 = score(doc=3904,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.56385297 = queryWeight, product of:
             8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
             0.064026795 = queryNorm
           3.8528507 = fieldWeight in 3904, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
             0.4375 = fieldNorm(doc=3904)
       2.215017 = weight(author_txt:castillo in 3904) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.215017 = score(doc=3904,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5711961 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0064905 = boost
             8.863674 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=44218)
             0.064026795 = queryNorm
           3.8778574 = fieldWeight in 3904, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.863674 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=44218)
             0.4375 = fieldNorm(doc=3904)
       2.363786 = weight(author_txt:baeza in 3904) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.363786 = score(doc=3904,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.59649384 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0285373 = boost
             9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
             0.064026795 = queryNorm
           3.9628005 = fieldWeight in 3904, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
             0.4375 = fieldNorm(doc=3904)
   

2. Lehmann, J.; Castillo, C.; Lalmas, M.; Baeza-Yates, R.: Story-focused reading in online news and its potential for user engagement (2017) 4.82

   4.8223176 = sum of:
     4.8223176 = sum of:
       1.5517437 = weight(author_txt:yates in 3529) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.5517437 = score(doc=3529,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.56385297 = queryWeight, product of:
             8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
             0.064026795 = queryNorm
           2.752036 = fieldWeight in 3529, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=3529)
       1.582155 = weight(author_txt:castillo in 3529) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.582155 = score(doc=3529,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5711961 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0064905 = boost
             8.863674 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=44218)
             0.064026795 = queryNorm
           2.7698982 = fieldWeight in 3529, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.863674 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=3529)
       1.6884187 = weight(author_txt:baeza in 3529) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.6884187 = score(doc=3529,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.59649384 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0285373 = boost
             9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
             0.064026795 = queryNorm
           2.830572 = fieldWeight in 3529, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=3529)
   

3. Baeza-Yates, R.A.: Introduction to data structures and algorithms related to information retrieval (1992) 3.46

   3.4561734 = sum of:
     3.4561734 = product of:
       5.18426 = sum of:
         2.48279 = weight(author_txt:yates in 3082) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.48279 = score(doc=3082,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.56385297 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.064026795 = queryNorm
             4.403258 = fieldWeight in 3082, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3082)
         2.70147 = weight(author_txt:baeza in 3082) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.70147 = score(doc=3082,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.59649384 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0285373 = boost
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.064026795 = queryNorm
             4.528915 = fieldWeight in 3082, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3082)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

4. Baeza-Yates, R.A.: String searching algorithms (1992) 3.46

   3.4561734 = sum of:
     3.4561734 = product of:
       5.18426 = sum of:
         2.48279 = weight(author_txt:yates in 3505) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.48279 = score(doc=3505,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.56385297 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.064026795 = queryNorm
             4.403258 = fieldWeight in 3505, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3505)
         2.70147 = weight(author_txt:baeza in 3505) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.70147 = score(doc=3505,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.59649384 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0285373 = boost
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.064026795 = queryNorm
             4.528915 = fieldWeight in 3505, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3505)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

5. Baeza-Yates, R.; Navarro, G.: Block addressing indices for approximate text retrieval (2000) 3.02

   3.0241516 = sum of:
     3.0241516 = product of:
       4.536227 = sum of:
         2.1724412 = weight(author_txt:yates in 4295) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.1724412 = score(doc=4295,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.56385297 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.064026795 = queryNorm
             3.8528507 = fieldWeight in 4295, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.4375 = fieldNorm(doc=4295)
         2.363786 = weight(author_txt:baeza in 4295) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.363786 = score(doc=4295,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.59649384 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0285373 = boost
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.064026795 = queryNorm
             3.9628005 = fieldWeight in 4295, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.4375 = fieldNorm(doc=4295)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Bressan, M.; Peserico, E.: Choose the damping, choose the ranking? (2010) 0.42

   0.42090783 = sum of:
     0.42090783 = product of:
       1.315337 = sum of:
         0.0045846505 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 2563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0045846505 = score(doc=2563,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03474223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0160434 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.1319619 = fieldWeight in 2563, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2563)
         0.021621758 = weight(abstract_txt:importance in 2563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021621758 = score(doc=2563,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07754805 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.073381 = boost
               5.098378 = idf(docFreq=733, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.27881756 = fieldWeight in 2563, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.098378 = idf(docFreq=733, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2563)
         0.010678187 = weight(abstract_txt:other in 2563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010678187 = score(doc=2563,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.05546329 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.111775 = boost
               3.5204957 = idf(docFreq=3555, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.1925271 = fieldWeight in 2563, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5204957 = idf(docFreq=3555, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2563)
         0.027625414 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027625414 = score(doc=2563,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.07537435 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2448456 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.36650947 = fieldWeight in 2563, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2563)
         0.08098932 = weight(abstract_txt:ranking in 2563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08098932 = score(doc=2563,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18703751 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3574789 = boost
               5.598813 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.4330111 = fieldWeight in 2563, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.598813 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2563)
         0.060681984 = weight(abstract_txt:algorithms in 2563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.060681984 = score(doc=2563,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1943987 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4034226 = boost
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.3121522 = fieldWeight in 2563, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2563)
         0.25346994 = weight(abstract_txt:pagerank in 2563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25346994 = score(doc=2563,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.4310866 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0014806 = boost
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.5879792 = fieldWeight in 2563, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2563)
         0.8556857 = weight(abstract_txt:damping in 2563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.8556857 = score(doc=2563,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.5673265 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.1058207 = boost
               9.7509775 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             1.5082774 = fieldWeight in 2563, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               9.7509775 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2563)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

2. Ding, Y.; Yan, E.; Frazho, A.; Caverlee, J.: PageRank for ranking authors in co-citation networks (2009) 0.40

   0.40242288 = sum of:
     0.40242288 = product of:
       1.4372245 = sum of:
         0.0052396003 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 3161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0052396003 = score(doc=3161,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03474223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0160434 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.1508136 = fieldWeight in 3161, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3161)
         0.012203642 = weight(abstract_txt:other in 3161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012203642 = score(doc=3161,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.05546329 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.111775 = boost
               3.5204957 = idf(docFreq=3555, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.22003098 = fieldWeight in 3161, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5204957 = idf(docFreq=3555, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3161)
         0.015785951 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 3161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015785951 = score(doc=3161,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07537435 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2448456 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.20943399 = fieldWeight in 3161, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3161)
         0.09255922 = weight(abstract_txt:ranking in 3161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09255922 = score(doc=3161,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18703751 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3574789 = boost
               5.598813 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.49486983 = fieldWeight in 3161, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.598813 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3161)
         0.09807689 = weight(abstract_txt:algorithms in 3161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09807689 = score(doc=3161,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1943987 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4034226 = boost
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.5045141 = fieldWeight in 3161, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3161)
         0.6145039 = weight(abstract_txt:pagerank in 3161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6145039 = score(doc=3161,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.4310866 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0014806 = boost
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             1.4254768 = fieldWeight in 3161, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3161)
         0.59885526 = weight(abstract_txt:damping in 3161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.59885526 = score(doc=3161,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.5673265 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.1058207 = boost
               9.7509775 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             1.0555743 = fieldWeight in 3161, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               9.7509775 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3161)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Boldi, P.; Santini, M.; Vigna, S.: PageRank as a function of the damping factor (2005) 0.34

   0.33954272 = sum of:
     0.33954272 = product of:
       1.061071 = sum of:
         0.0052396003 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 2564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0052396003 = score(doc=2564,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03474223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0160434 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.1508136 = fieldWeight in 2564, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2564)
         0.0110132275 = weight(abstract_txt:more in 2564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0110132275 = score(doc=2564,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.051795147 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0743817 = boost
               3.402088 = idf(docFreq=4002, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.2126305 = fieldWeight in 2564, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.402088 = idf(docFreq=4002, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2564)
         0.040203888 = weight(abstract_txt:page in 2564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.040203888 = score(doc=2564,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10727395 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.262454 = boost
               5.9964437 = idf(docFreq=298, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.37477773 = fieldWeight in 2564, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.9964437 = idf(docFreq=298, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2564)
         0.022324705 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022324705 = score(doc=2564,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.07537435 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2448456 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.2961844 = fieldWeight in 2564, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2564)
         0.06544925 = weight(abstract_txt:ranking in 2564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06544925 = score(doc=2564,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18703751 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3574789 = boost
               5.598813 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.34992582 = fieldWeight in 2564, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.598813 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2564)
         0.06935084 = weight(abstract_txt:link in 2564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06935084 = score(doc=2564,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1943987 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4034226 = boost
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.35674536 = fieldWeight in 2564, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2564)
         0.50174034 = weight(abstract_txt:pagerank in 2564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.50174034 = score(doc=2564,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.4310866 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0014806 = boost
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             1.1638969 = fieldWeight in 2564, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2564)
         0.34574923 = weight(abstract_txt:damping in 2564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.34574923 = score(doc=2564,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5673265 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.1058207 = boost
               9.7509775 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.6094361 = fieldWeight in 2564, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.7509775 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2564)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Bidoki, A.M.Z.; Yazdani, N.: an intelligent ranking algorithm for web pages : DistanceRank (2008) 0.24

   0.24241008 = sum of:
     0.24241008 = product of:
       0.7575315 = sum of:
         0.0065495004 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 2068) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0065495004 = score(doc=2068,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.03474223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0160434 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.18851699 = fieldWeight in 2068, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2068)
         0.0152545525 = weight(abstract_txt:other in 2068) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0152545525 = score(doc=2068,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.05546329 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.111775 = boost
               3.5204957 = idf(docFreq=3555, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.27503872 = fieldWeight in 2068, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5204957 = idf(docFreq=3555, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2068)
         0.08704397 = weight(abstract_txt:page in 2068) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08704397 = score(doc=2068,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.10727395 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.262454 = boost
               5.9964437 = idf(docFreq=298, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.8114176 = fieldWeight in 2068, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.9964437 = idf(docFreq=298, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2068)
         0.019732438 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2068) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019732438 = score(doc=2068,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07537435 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2448456 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.26179248 = fieldWeight in 2068, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2068)
         0.16362312 = weight(abstract_txt:ranking in 2068) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16362312 = score(doc=2068,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.18703751 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3574789 = boost
               5.598813 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.8748145 = fieldWeight in 2068, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.598813 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2068)
         0.122596115 = weight(abstract_txt:algorithms in 2068) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.122596115 = score(doc=2068,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1943987 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4034226 = boost
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.63064265 = fieldWeight in 2068, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2068)
         0.08668854 = weight(abstract_txt:link in 2068) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08668854 = score(doc=2068,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1943987 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4034226 = boost
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.4459317 = fieldWeight in 2068, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.707926 = idf(docFreq=398, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2068)
         0.25604331 = weight(abstract_txt:pagerank in 2068) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25604331 = score(doc=2068,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4310866 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0014806 = boost
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.59394866 = fieldWeight in 2068, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2068)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

5. Yan, E.; Ding, Y.: Discovering author impact : a PageRank perspective (2011) 0.19

   0.18649441 = sum of:
     0.18649441 = product of:
       1.16559 = sum of:
         0.015718801 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 2704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015718801 = score(doc=2704,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.03474223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0160434 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.4524408 = fieldWeight in 2704, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2704)
         0.01674353 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01674353 = score(doc=2704,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07537435 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2448456 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.22213829 = fieldWeight in 2704, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2704)
         0.6145039 = weight(abstract_txt:pagerank in 2704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6145039 = score(doc=2704,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.4310866 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0014806 = boost
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             1.4254768 = fieldWeight in 2704, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2704)
         0.5186239 = weight(abstract_txt:damping in 2704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.5186239 = score(doc=2704,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5673265 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.1058207 = boost
               9.7509775 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44218)
               0.014170492 = queryNorm
             0.9141542 = fieldWeight in 2704, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.7509775 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2704)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)