Document (#42679)

Author
Pan, M.
Huang, J.X.
He, T.
Mao, Z.
Ying, Z.
Tu, X.
Title
¬A simple kernel co-occurrence-based enhancement for pseudo-relevance feedback
Source
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 71(2020) no.3, S.264-281
Year
2020
Abstract
Pseudo-relevance feedback is a well-studied query expansion technique in which it is assumed that the top-ranked documents in an initial set of retrieval results are relevant and expansion terms are then extracted from those documents. When selecting expansion terms, most traditional models do not simultaneously consider term frequency and the co-occurrence relationships between candidate terms and query terms. Intuitively, however, a term that has a higher co-occurrence with a query term is more likely to be related to the query topic. In this article, we propose a kernel co-occurrence-based framework to enhance retrieval performance by integrating term co-occurrence information into the Rocchio model and a relevance language model (RM3). Specifically, a kernel co-occurrence-based Rocchio method (KRoc) and a kernel co-occurrence-based RM3 method (KRM3) are proposed. In our framework, co-occurrence information is incorporated into both the factor of the term discrimination power and the factor of the within-document term weight to boost retrieval performance. The results of a series of experiments show that our proposed methods significantly outperform the corresponding strong baselines over all data sets in terms of the mean average precision and over most data sets in terms of P@10. A direct comparison of standard Text Retrieval Conference data sets indicates that our proposed methods are at least comparable to state-of-the-art approaches.
Content
Vgl.: https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24241.
Theme
Retrievalalgorithmen

Similar documents (author)

  1. Huang, G.W.: Accessing information in an information society (1989) 4.50
    4.4981737 = sum of:
      4.4981737 = weight(author_txt:huang in 2497) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        4.4981737 = fieldWeight in 2497, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.1970778 = idf(docFreq=89, maxDocs=44218)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2497)
    
  2. Huang, X.: Applying a generic function-based topical relevance typology to structure clinical questions and answers (2013) 4.50
    4.4981737 = sum of:
      4.4981737 = weight(author_txt:huang in 530) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        4.4981737 = fieldWeight in 530, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.1970778 = idf(docFreq=89, maxDocs=44218)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=530)
    
  3. Huang, J. Xiangji => Xiangji Huang, J.: 3.82
    3.8168268 = sum of:
      3.8168268 = weight(author_txt:huang in 8235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        3.8168268 = fieldWeight in 8235, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.1970778 = idf(docFreq=89, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=8235)
    
  4. Huang, M.-H.: Developing an ideal online thesaurus display format (1994) 3.60
    3.5985389 = sum of:
      3.5985389 = weight(author_txt:huang in 4030) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        3.5985389 = fieldWeight in 4030, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.1970778 = idf(docFreq=89, maxDocs=44218)
          0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=4030)
    
  5. Huang, M.-h.: End-users' searching behaviour : changes in search type over time (1996) 3.60
    3.5985389 = sum of:
      3.5985389 = weight(author_txt:huang in 5128) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        3.5985389 = fieldWeight in 5128, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.1970778 = idf(docFreq=89, maxDocs=44218)
          0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=5128)
    

Similar documents (content)

  1. Xu, B.; Lin, H.; Lin, Y.: Assessment of learning to rank methods for query expansion (2016) 0.51
    0.5104682 = sum of:
      0.5104682 = product of:
        0.9115503 = sum of:
          0.014455008 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.014455008 = score(doc=2929,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.056118213 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0013915 = boost
                4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.2575814 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.025503488 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.025503488 = score(doc=2929,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.056813415 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0075752 = boost
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.44889906 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.026628233 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.026628233 = score(doc=2929,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.066933446 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.093638 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.3978315 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.03371073 = weight(abstract_txt:framework in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03371073 = score(doc=2929,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.068427384 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1057755 = boost
                4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.49264967 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.035508852 = weight(abstract_txt:performance in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.035508852 = score(doc=2929,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.070839524 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1250966 = boost
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.50125766 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.0054941596 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0054941596 = score(doc=2929,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.03709959 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1514671 = boost
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.1480922 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.07512435 = weight(abstract_txt:feedback in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.07512435 = score(doc=2929,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.11674501 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4443457 = boost
                5.9443145 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.6434909 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                5.9443145 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.034665026 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.034665026 = score(doc=2929,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.07980117 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6887743 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.43439242 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.064357005 = weight(abstract_txt:relevance in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.064357005 = score(doc=2929,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.120543964 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.797506 = boost
                4.931848 = idf(docFreq=866, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.5338882 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.931848 = idf(docFreq=866, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.18198067 = weight(abstract_txt:pseudo in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.18198067 = score(doc=2929,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.21057236 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.9397808 = boost
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.8642192 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.14102146 = weight(abstract_txt:expansion in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.14102146 = score(doc=2929,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.18476745 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.2254117 = boost
                6.1059003 = idf(docFreq=267, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.76323754 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                6.1059003 = idf(docFreq=267, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.06274409 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06274409 = score(doc=2929,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.14932762 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3101335 = boost
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.4201774 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.0916034 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0916034 = score(doc=2929,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.16208757 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.9477284 = boost
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.5651476 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
          0.11875376 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 2929) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11875376 = score(doc=2929,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.22848438 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.4997811 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.51974565 = fieldWeight in 2929, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2929)
        0.56 = coord(14/25)
    
  2. Guo, L.; Wan, X.: Exploiting syntactic and semantic relationships between terms for opinion retrieval (2012) 0.47
    0.4700306 = sum of:
      0.4700306 = product of:
        0.90390503 = sum of:
          0.101786844 = weight(abstract_txt:baselines in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.101786844 = score(doc=492,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.11192472 = queryWeight, product of:
                8.231152 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.90942234 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                8.231152 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.01806876 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01806876 = score(doc=492,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.056118213 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0013915 = boost
                4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.32197678 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.018405557 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.018405557 = score(doc=492,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.056813415 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0075752 = boost
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.32396498 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.019737849 = weight(abstract_txt:over in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.019737849 = score(doc=492,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.059523 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0313222 = boost
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.33160037 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.040765993 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.040765993 = score(doc=492,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.066933446 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.093638 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.60905266 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.0068676993 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0068676993 = score(doc=492,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.03709959 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1514671 = boost
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.18511525 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.016725544 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.016725544 = score(doc=492,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.067155525 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5492014 = boost
                3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.24905685 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.037916202 = weight(abstract_txt:proposed in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.037916202 = score(doc=492,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.10529277 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.679952 = boost
                4.6093135 = idf(docFreq=1196, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.36010262 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.6093135 = idf(docFreq=1196, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.03063984 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03063984 = score(doc=492,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.07980117 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6887743 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.38395226 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.1240089 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1240089 = score(doc=492,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.14932762 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3101335 = boost
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.8304485 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.0886946 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0886946 = score(doc=492,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.16208757 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.9477284 = boost
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.54720175 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.08570314 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08570314 = score(doc=492,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.22848438 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.4997811 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.37509412 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
          0.3145841 = weight(abstract_txt:kernel in 492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.3145841 = score(doc=492,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.47495532 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.1199636 = boost
                8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.66234463 = fieldWeight in 492, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=492)
        0.52 = coord(13/25)
    
  3. Kishida, K.: Term disambiguation techniques based on target document collection for cross-language information retrieval : an empirical comparison of performance between techniques (2007) 0.46
    0.45638853 = sum of:
      0.45638853 = product of:
        0.9508095 = sum of:
          0.014724446 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.014724446 = score(doc=897,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.056813415 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0075752 = boost
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.259172 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.026628233 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.026628233 = score(doc=897,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.066933446 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.093638 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.3978315 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.020501047 = weight(abstract_txt:performance in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.020501047 = score(doc=897,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.070839524 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1250966 = boost
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.28940126 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.009516163 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.009516163 = score(doc=897,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.03709959 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1514671 = boost
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.2565032 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.043373067 = weight(abstract_txt:feedback in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.043373067 = score(doc=897,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.11674501 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4443457 = boost
                5.9443145 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.37151965 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.9443145 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.029919563 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.029919563 = score(doc=897,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.067155525 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5492014 = boost
                3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.44552645 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.017332513 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.017332513 = score(doc=897,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07980117 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6887743 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.21719621 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.037156533 = weight(abstract_txt:relevance in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.037156533 = score(doc=897,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.120543964 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.797506 = boost
                4.931848 = idf(docFreq=866, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.3082405 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.931848 = idf(docFreq=866, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.10506659 = weight(abstract_txt:pseudo in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.10506659 = score(doc=897,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.21057236 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.9397808 = boost
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.4989572 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.06274409 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06274409 = score(doc=897,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.14932762 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3101335 = boost
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.4201774 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.13712503 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.13712503 = score(doc=897,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.22848438 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.4997811 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.6001506 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
          0.4467222 = weight(abstract_txt:occurrence in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.4467222 = score(doc=897,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.60826975 = queryWeight, product of:
                6.5937138 = boost
                6.784232 = idf(docFreq=135, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.73441464 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                6.784232 = idf(docFreq=135, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
        0.48 = coord(12/25)
    
  4. Na, S.-H.; Kang, I.-S.; Lee, J.-H.: Parsimonious translation models for information retrieval (2007) 0.45
    0.45041335 = sum of:
      0.45041335 = product of:
        0.93836117 = sum of:
          0.020442469 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.020442469 = score(doc=898,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.056118213 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0013915 = boost
                4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.36427513 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.018829005 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.018829005 = score(doc=898,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.066933446 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.093638 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.28130937 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.019462898 = weight(abstract_txt:framework in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.019462898 = score(doc=898,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.068427384 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1057755 = boost
                4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.28443143 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.020501047 = weight(abstract_txt:performance in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.020501047 = score(doc=898,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.070839524 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1250966 = boost
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.28940126 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.009516163 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.009516163 = score(doc=898,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.03709959 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1514671 = boost
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.2565032 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.03033296 = weight(abstract_txt:proposed in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03033296 = score(doc=898,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.10529277 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.679952 = boost
                4.6093135 = idf(docFreq=1196, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.2880821 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.6093135 = idf(docFreq=1196, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.024511872 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.024511872 = score(doc=898,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.07980117 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6887743 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.3071618 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.07051073 = weight(abstract_txt:expansion in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.07051073 = score(doc=898,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.18476745 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.2254117 = boost
                6.1059003 = idf(docFreq=267, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.38161877 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.1059003 = idf(docFreq=267, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.076845504 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.076845504 = score(doc=898,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.14932762 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3101335 = boost
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.5146101 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.08193257 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08193257 = score(doc=898,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.16208757 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.9477284 = boost
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.5054833 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.11875376 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11875376 = score(doc=898,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.22848438 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.4997811 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.51974565 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
          0.4467222 = weight(abstract_txt:occurrence in 898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.4467222 = score(doc=898,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.60826975 = queryWeight, product of:
                6.5937138 = boost
                6.784232 = idf(docFreq=135, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.73441464 = fieldWeight in 898, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                6.784232 = idf(docFreq=135, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=898)
        0.48 = coord(12/25)
    
  5. Karisani, P.; Rahgozar, M.; Oroumchian, F.: Transforming LSA space dimensions into a rubric for an automatic assessment and feedback system (2016) 0.42
    0.42353472 = sum of:
      0.42353472 = product of:
        0.756312 = sum of:
          0.028910017 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.028910017 = score(doc=2970,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.056118213 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0013915 = boost
                4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.5151628 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.02082351 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.02082351 = score(doc=2970,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.056813415 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0075752 = boost
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.36652455 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.01579028 = weight(abstract_txt:over in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01579028 = score(doc=2970,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.059523 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0313222 = boost
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.2652803 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.032612793 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.032612793 = score(doc=2970,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.066933446 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.093638 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.4872421 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.020501047 = weight(abstract_txt:performance in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.020501047 = score(doc=2970,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.070839524 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1250966 = boost
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.28940126 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.009516163 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.009516163 = score(doc=2970,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.03709959 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1514671 = boost
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.2565032 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.07512435 = weight(abstract_txt:feedback in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.07512435 = score(doc=2970,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.11674501 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4443457 = boost
                5.9443145 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.6434909 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                5.9443145 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.013380435 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.013380435 = score(doc=2970,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.067155525 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5492014 = boost
                3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.19924548 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.017332513 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.017332513 = score(doc=2970,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07980117 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6887743 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.21719621 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.064357005 = weight(abstract_txt:relevance in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.064357005 = score(doc=2970,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.120543964 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.797506 = boost
                4.931848 = idf(docFreq=866, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.5338882 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.931848 = idf(docFreq=866, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.18198067 = weight(abstract_txt:pseudo in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.18198067 = score(doc=2970,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.21057236 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.9397808 = boost
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.8642192 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.12548818 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.12548818 = score(doc=2970,freq=8.0), product of:
              0.14932762 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3101335 = boost
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.8403548 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                  8.0 = termFreq=8.0
                4.7537646 = idf(docFreq=1035, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.08193257 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08193257 = score(doc=2970,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.16208757 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.9477284 = boost
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.5054833 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
          0.068562515 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 2970) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.068562515 = score(doc=2970,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.22848438 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.4997811 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.013597699 = queryNorm
              0.3000753 = fieldWeight in 2970, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2970)
        0.56 = coord(14/25)